Sports and Gender Essays -- Female Sports Film Movies Essays

Sports become stereotyped as gender-neutral, feminine, or manlike based on conceptions regarding gender, gender differences, and beliefs close to the bookness of affair due to gender (Colley et al., 1987 Csizma, Wittig, & Schurr, 1988 Koivula, 1995 Matteo, 1986). Sports labeled as feminine seem to be those that allow women participants to act in accordance with the stereotyped expectations of femininity (such as being graceful and nonagressive) and that provide for beauty and aesthetic pleasure (based on largely male standards). A amuse is labeled as masculine if it involves the following 1) attempts to physically overpower the opponent(s) by bodily contact 2) a direct use of bodily force to a heavy object 3) a projection of the proboscis into or through space over distance and 4) face-to-face competition in situations in which bodily contact may occur. These feature articles are believed to be appropriate expressions of masculine attributes such as aggressiveness, effectiv eness, and power (Metheny, 1965 Koivula, 2001). In a recent study, 403 participants were first asked to answer a short questionnaire regarding their gender, age, and physical use habits. They then perfect a questionnaire regarding perceived characteristics of a rollick. In this latter questionnaire, the respondent was asked to rate to what degree the descriptor is characteristic of the sport or those practicing the sport using a seven-point scale from 1 (Not at all characteristic of the sport/sport participant) to 7 (Very much characteristic of the sport/sport participant). For each participant, the sport to be rated was randomly selected out of 41 different sports, 19 of which had been previously labeled gender-neutral, 7 of which ha... ...3, November/December). Women in sport cringe or megatrend? The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 64(9), 49-52.Huckaby, A. M. (1994). Womens athletics. Unpublished Manuscript Kenyon College Athletic Department.Koivula, N. ( 1995). Ratings of gender appropriateness of sports participation Effects ofgender-based schematic processing. Sex Roles, 33, 543-557.Koivula, N. (2001). perceive characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral,feminine and masculine. Journal of Sport Behavior, 12-01-01, 337.Matteo, S. (1986). The effects of sex and gender-schematic processing on sportparticipation. Sex Roles, 15,417-432.Sports Illustrated cnnsi.com. (2000). Reactions Womens boxing.UNH Presidents Commission on the condition of Women. (1994). Report on the Status of Women Profile of Women Students at the University of NH. Sports and Gender Essays -- Female Sports Film Movies EssaysSports become stereotyped as gender-neutral, feminine, or masculine based on conceptions regarding gender, gender differences, and beliefs about the appropriateness of participation due to gender (Colley et al., 1987 Csizma, Wittig, & Schurr, 1988 Koivula, 1995 Matteo, 1986). Sports labeled as feminine seem to be th ose that allow women participants to act in accordance with the stereotyped expectations of femininity (such as being graceful and nonagressive) and that provide for beauty and aesthetic pleasure (based on largely male standards). A sport is labeled as masculine if it involves the following 1) attempts to physically overpower the opponent(s) by bodily contact 2) a direct use of bodily force to a heavy object 3) a projection of the body into or through space over distance and 4) face-to-face competition in situations in which bodily contact may occur. These characteristics are believed to be appropriate expressions of masculine attributes such as aggressiveness, effectiveness, and power (Metheny, 1965 Koivula, 2001). In a recent study, 403 participants were first asked to answer a short questionnaire regarding their gender, age, and physical exercise habits. They then completed a questionnaire regarding perceived characteristics of a sport. In this latter questionnaire, the responden t was asked to rate to what degree the descriptor is characteristic of the sport or those practicing the sport using a seven-point scale from 1 (Not at all characteristic of the sport/sport participant) to 7 (Very much characteristic of the sport/sport participant). For each participant, the sport to be rated was randomly selected out of 41 different sports, 19 of which had been previously labeled gender-neutral, 7 of which ha... ...3, November/December). Women in sport backlash or megatrend? The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 64(9), 49-52.Huckaby, A. M. (1994). Womens athletics. Unpublished Manuscript Kenyon College Athletic Department.Koivula, N. (1995). Ratings of gender appropriateness of sports participation Effects ofgender-based schematic processing. Sex Roles, 33, 543-557.Koivula, N. (2001). Perceived characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral,feminine and masculine. Journal of Sport Behavior, 12-01-01, 337.Matteo, S. (1986). The effects of sex and gender-schematic processing on sportparticipation. Sex Roles, 15,417-432.Sports Illustrated cnnsi.com. (2000). Reactions Womens boxing.UNH Presidents Commission on the Status of Women. (1994). Report on the Status of Women Profile of Women Students at the University of NH.